Computer Basics in English

 Parts of Computers in English

Parts of Computers

These are the parts of a computer - CPU, Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, etc.

Computer Basics in english

a. CPU:

. The brain or brain of a computer is called. 

. It is also called the e-brain, Processor, Central Processor, or Microprocessor.

. CPU and memory are installed in the motherboard itself.

. It is also known by the name of the system board or mainboard.

. The world's first processor was built in 1970 by the Intel company.

.The CPU applies all instructions for input data from software and hardware and controls them at its own level.

 . CPU has two parts:

The arithmetic and logical function is performed by the Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU).

Control Unit (CU): It decodes the instructions from memory and makes them grow.

Currently, two types of CPU are currently running 32 bit and 64 bit

Examples: Intel and AMD are the world's leading leading processor manufacturers. AMD A3 series, Intel Pentium, Intel dual-core, Intel core2duos, Intel i3, Intel i5, Intel i7, etc.

B. Monitor:

. It is a display unit of a computer that displays text, video or photo, etc. on the screen.

. The primary function of the monitor is to show the user information.

. The monitor display is made of LCD or LED. Initially the CRT (cathode ray tube) monitor used to come.

. The size of the monitor is measured in the diagonal or diagonal of the monitor.

. The output seen on the monitor is called softcopy.

Computer Basics in english

C. The keyboard

.The keyboard consists of a group of keys by which data moves into the computer.

. The creation of the keyboard structure goes to Christopher Latham Shoals

. Initially, the keyboard used to have 84 keys, but now has 101 to 104 buttons.

. Board types: QWERTY, AZERTY, and Dvorak keyboard.

 . The QWERTY keyboard is used the most.

. The keys found on the keyboard can be divided into the following three parts: -

1. Alphanumeric keys: It is made up of letters and numbers keys.

2. Punctuation keys: It is made up of commas, colon, semicolon, etc.

3. Special keys: Function keys, arrow keys, control keys, caps lock keys, etc. 

Special keys are the most important from the exam point of view.

Function keys: These keys are at the top of the keyboard and range from F1 to F12. Function keys are usually used with the Ctrl key, Alt key, Shift key, or windows key, or can also be used directly in some computers.

F 1: Commonness is used as a help key. Using Windows key + F 1 opens windows help and support center.

F2: To rename the marked file or folder, print preview opens when using Ctrl key + F2 in Microsoft word, document window opens using Alt key + Ctrl key + F2 in Microsoft word.

F3: Opens the search window. Using the shift key + F 3 in Microsoft Word, the text under changes from case to lower case, and the first letter of each word can be capitalized.

F4: It opens the address bar in Internet Explorer and Windows Explorer itself. The currently active window closes when Alt + F 4 is used. Alt + F 4 key is used to shutdown Windows. 

F 5: reloads or refreshes desktop and internet browsers.

Microsoft turns on a slideshow in PowerPoint.

F 6: Using Ctrl + Shift + F 6 opens a new Microsoft word document. Using the F 6 key in the Internet browser, the mouse cursor moves directly to the address bar.

F 7: Generally, F 7 key is used to perform spell checking or grammar check in Microsoft word and outlook. Thesaurus checks the expanded word using Shift + F 7.

F8: The computer goes into safe mode when F8 is used when the computer starts. F8 is also used to make recovery in some Windows computers.

F9: Used to refresh Microsoft word document. Microsoft Outlook is also used to send and receive the email.

F10: Microsoft activates the menu bar of the opened application in Windows. The F10 key high lightened icon works on files or Internet links that right-click the mouse.

F11: Used to turn all modern Internet browsers into the full-screen mode or remove them from full-screen mode.

F12: to open Microsoft word documents Save them as a window Shift + F12 saves Microsoft word document (exactly as ctrl + S does

Capslock key: All fonts (characters) typed on the keyboard become large.

Home key: Pressing the cursor reaches the start of the line.

End key: Pressing the cursor reaches the end of the line.

Num Lock: The number pad starts working and when inactive, it works like arrow keys.

Shift key: A small letter is formed when working with capslock and works as a capital letter when used without capslock.

In Windows, the Shift + delete key is used to delete a file or folder forever.

Backspace: To delete the characters on the left and from the backspace. If the backspace key is held down, the entire line is deleted.

Delete key: Pressing the delete key deletes the right and left letters, erases all selected characters, and erases all selected files.

Spacebar: This is the longest key on the bottom of the keyboard, which is horizontally placed on the keyboard. It is also called a blank key because once it is used, the space equal to an alphabet becomes empty.

Enter key: Also commonly known as the Return key.

Using the Enter key, the cursor moves to the beginning of the next line.

The use of entering the key in Internet browsers is related to giving commands to process typed words.

  

Tab key: This key is used to give a space equal to a word.

Alt + Tab keys are used to choose between the applications currently running on the monitor.

You can change the level of items or paragraphs in Heraki by using the Tab key.

               Once using the Tab key, the cursor moves 0.5 inches in MS Word.

  

Arrow key: Keyboard buttons that have arrow marks are called arrow keys.

Combination keys: The keys used in addition to function keys to create shortcuts are called combination keys.

Only alphanumeric keys (A to Z and 0 to 9) are used to name the folder or file.

Filename

File Name consists of two parts 1. File Name 2. Extension Name

File extension name:

          .bmp: is the extension name of the paintbrush file.

          .txt: is the extension name of a notepad file.

       .docx: is the extension name for files in Microsoft office word 2010.

      .xlsx: is the extension name for files in Microsoft office excel 2010.

D. Mouse:

. The mouse was invented by Doctor Douglas Engelbart.

It is a type of input device.

. The mouse is identified as a pointing device.

. The arrow pointer that appears on the desktop is controlled by the mouse.

. In the operating system, the mouse is used to easily reach any part of the screen.

 . Its main function is to command or command the computer, move the cursor to the relevant place for typing, select any file, etc.

. Mouse Type: Laser, Round, Rubber Hair & Optical

. Mouse-related terminology: single click, double click, drag, etc.

. Double-clicking of the mouse: is done to open or run any file. That word is selected when double-clicking on any word in a Microsoft Word file.

. Dragging the mouse: Move the mouse by pressing the left mouse button.

. Usually, the movements of the mouse on the monitor can be seen through the arrow symbol

Other parts of a computer:

Speaker, printer, scanner, pen drive, etc.

Printer:

dot matrix printer

Drum printer

Inkjet Printer - This printer prints the data by spraying tiny dots of ink over the paper very fast.

Laserjet Printer - This is a type of non-impact printer. It is the fastest working printer

The copy on the printer is called hardcopy while the copy on the monitor is called softcopy.

Which printer does the ribbon use? dot matrix printer

DPI: DPI means Dots per Inch

Examples of Input and Output Devices

(Input Devices) Input devices: The parts of the computer with which the user enters any data in the computer. For example keyboard, scanner, mouse, pen drive

(Output Devices) Output devices: The parts of a computer that allow the user to view or receive data in a computer as information. For example Monitor, speaker, printer,